((Re)considering Race in the Desegregation of Higher Education

This Essay examines the struggle to desegregate theUniversity of Georgia (UGA) in the context of the broaderstrategies to defeat segregation in higher education. Indoing so, this Essay explores Horace T. Ward\u27s struggle toenroll in UGA School of Law in Ward v. Regents, the firstlawsuit in Georgia history to attempt to dismantle thecenturies-old practice of segregation at UGA. The Essaythen examines the Holmes v. Danner case, which led to theadmission of the first African-American students at UGAand the dismantling of segregation statewide in Georgia\u27spublic colleges and universities.Building upon this backdrop, this Essay draws uponthese cases and others within the history of desegregationand civil rights to illustrate how the issue of race cannotbe detached from the continued struggle for equality ineducation. With this in mind, the Essay argues that thecases involving UGA, added to the broader narrative ofthe battle to achieve racial equality in higher education,offer additional perspectives on why courts should givepause when rejecting the necessity of considering race ineducational policies aimed at reducing segregation andinequality. The history and present teach us that racemust be accounted for to effectively confront contemporarybarriers to educational equality and the lingering discrimination that affects some ethnic and gender groupsin America

Electromagnetic trapping of chiral molecules: orientational effects of the irradiating beam

The photonic interaction generally responsible for the electromagnetic trapping of molecules is forward-Rayleigh scattering, a process that is mediated by transition electric dipoles connecting the ground electronic state and virtual excited states. Higher order electric and magnetic multipole contributions to the scattering amplitude are usually negligible. However, on consideration of chiral discrimination effects (in which an input light of left-handed circular polarization can present different observables compared to right-handed polarization, or molecules of opposite enantiomeric form respond differently to a set circular polarization), the mechanism must be extended to specifically accommodate transition magnetic dipoles. Moreover, it is important to account for the fact that chiral molecules are necessarily non-spherical, so that their interactions with a laser beam will have an orientational dependence. Using quantum electrodynamics, this article quantifies the extent of the energetic discrimination that arises when chiral molecules are optically trapped, placing particular emphasis on the orientational effects of the trapping beam. An in-depth description of the intricate ensemble-weighted method used to incorporate the latter is presented. It is thus shown that, when a mixture of molecular enantiomers is irradiated by a continuous beam of circularly polarized light, a difference arises in the relative rates of migration of each enantiomer in and out of the most intense regions of the beam. In consequence, optical trapping can be used as a means of achieving enantiomer separation

Shakespearean theater for Oklahoma

Encompassing a semester's worth of intense design work, this thesis is a comprehensive design proposal for a contemporary Shakespearean theatre for Oklahoma City. The thesis demonstrates the validity of the final product after much examination, from the first steps of initial theatre research, conceptual investigation, and site analysis, through the last steps of detailing, structural and HVAC calculations, and construction documentation.This proposal firmly grounds itself in the unique idea of a park as a place of curiosity, energy, and variety as the inspiration for the theatre. Issues of community impact and contextual acceptance, cultural accommodation and welcoming, and the diverse multiplicity of programmatic requirements are thoroughly explored and ultimately answered through this central concept

Cameron Patterson: Riding the rails to AGU

Sue Bowler talks to Cameron Patterson about putting plans for sustainable research travel into actio

Travelling in style to AGU

Cameron Patterson expands on the latest plans for his upcoming train odyssey to AG

Space on the line

Cameron Patterson explains how, in these days of the complex interdependence of technologies, the Sun presents a decided threat to your train journey – and a great deal more beside

The Impact of Space Weather on UK Railways

Some of the many manifestations of space weather’s effects on ground-based infrastructure are hazards to railway assets, with the potential of false signalling, damage to a train’s onboard transformer and even injury of track-side workers. Railway track circuits are key signalling mechanisms that are responsible for the safe and smooth operation of a railway network. By utilising track circuit modelling, geomagnetic field interpolation and UK conductivity models, the impact of space weather on the UK railways can be investigated. Initial results from a UK-focused modelling project will be presented and next steps proposed

Space weather impacts on the UK railway network

Some of the many manifestations of space weather’s effects on ground based infrastructure are hazards that affect the smooth and safe operation of railway networks, with the potential of signalling system failures, damage to locomotive on board transformers and disruptions caused by interference to a plethora of interdependent systems such as radio, GPS and grid power supply. This work focuses on the impacts on track circuits, signalling systems that use electrical currents to detect the presence or absence of a train in sections of a wider network, as such, they are affected by geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) arising from space weather. The impact on track circuits of various designs has been investigated during the 2015 St. Patrick’s Day storm, the first storm of solar cycle 24 to reach a level of “Severe” on the NOAA geomagnetic storm scale. This has been achieved by using the Spherical Elementary Current System (SECS) method of geomagnetic field interpolation, a conductivity model of the UK, estimations of the geoelectric field and track circuit modelling techniques developed by Boteler (2021)